What do you think is sociology a science or discipline? We know that sociology has been sandwiched between the proponents of Science and Discipline. It took so long to be called scientific discipline but the debate is still continue. In this blog post, we will explore the question of whether sociology is a science or a discipline and present evidence to support sociology as a science.
Sociology, the study of human social behavior and societies, has long been a subject of debate about its scientific nature. Critics argue that sociology lacks the necessary characteristics of a science, while proponents argue that it meets the criteria of a scientific discipline. Therefore, it is essential to know which criteria sociology meets and which don’t. First of all, let’s see some characteristics of science.
Understanding the Characteristics of a Science
Before we delve into the debate, it is important to understand the characteristics that define a science. A science is characterized by its adherence to the scientific method, which involves systematic observation, experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses. It seeks to establish causal relationships between variables and aims for objectivity in its findings.
Sociology as a Science
While sociology may not fit neatly into the traditional natural sciences, it meets the criteria of a science in several ways. Firstly, sociology employs systematic observation through the collection and analysis of data. Sociologists use various research methods such as surveys, interviews, and observations to gather data about social phenomena.
Experimentation
Secondly, sociology utilizes experimentation and hypothesis testing. While sociologists may not conduct experiments in a laboratory setting, they do conduct controlled experiments in natural settings. For example, a sociologist might study the effects of a social intervention program by comparing a group that received the intervention with a control group that did not.
Causal relationship between variables
Thirdly, sociology aims for objectivity and seeks to establish causal relationships between variables. Sociologists use statistical analysis to determine the strength and direction of relationships between variables, allowing them to make scientifically sound conclusions.
The Scientific Research Methodology in Sociology
The scientific research methodology in sociology involves several key steps:
Formulating a Research Question: A sociologist identifies a research question that is of interest and relevance to the field.
Gathering Data: The sociologist collects data through various research methods, such as surveys, interviews, or observations.
Analyzing Data: The collected data is then analyzed using statistical techniques to identify patterns and relationships.
Interpreting Findings: The sociologist interprets the findings and draws conclusions based on the analysis.
Disseminating Results: The sociologist shares the research findings through academic publications, conferences, or other means.
Conclusion,
While the debate about whether sociology is a science or a discipline continues, the evidence supports sociology as a scientific discipline. Sociology employs systematic observation, experimentation, and hypothesis testing, and aims for objectivity in its findings.
The scientific research methodology in sociology involves a series of steps that are characteristic of scientific inquiry. By adhering to these principles, sociology contributes to our understanding of human social behavior and societies.Understanding the Science of Psychology. Sociological Perspectives in sociology/Encyclopedia of sociology
Micro Sociologist George Simmel
Empirical research methodology
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology_of_scientific_knowledge